Melting-furnace.



P. VBRGNANI.

MELTING PURNAGE..

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3, 1911. 1,121595'?, Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHD'lv-LJTHO., wAsHlNun/rv. u.

P. VBRGNANI.

MELTING FURNAGE.

APPLIGATION'HLBD MAY 3,1911.

vPatented Dec. 22, 1914.

Inventor wf 1% 4 7 m1 J 99% 3N b 7 7 VMO/ s m D 3 m@ m f wUd 3 HU Z M PH M POQJH? 7 5L de 39 ,9 m..

THE MORRIS FEfr Hs C0 mm1() L/THo.. WASHINGIGN. D. Cv

P. VERGNANI.

MELTING IURNACE. APPLICATION HLED MAY 3,1911.

Patented DBG. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET a.

ANGIQN. D C

P. VERGNANI.

MBLTING FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 3.1911.

1, 1 21 ,957. Patented Deo. 22, 1914.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

THE NRR/s PETERS Cu. F'HolO-LITHQ, WASHINUTQN n l llNlT STATES PATENTFFCF.

PIETRO VERGNANI, F SOMERVLLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

MELTING-FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 22, 1914.

Application led May 3, 1911. Serial No. 624,836.

. senting like parts.

This invention relates to metal furnaces and pertains more particularlyto a furnace for the fusion of metals and having various features ofimprovement over those heretofore known in the art.

vation of my invention.

For illustration l have shown in the accompanying drawings one of theembodiments of which my invention is susceptible.

ln the drawings: Figure l is a front ele- Fig. 2 a rear elevation ofFig. l, with portions of the carriage and fire dome broken away. Fig. 3is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. il looking in the direction of thearrow. Fig. is a section on line l-l of Fig. 2 looking in the directionof the arrow. Fig. 5 is an enlarged detail of the fire dome liftingdrum. Fig.

` 6 is an enlarged section on line 6-6 of Fig.

3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. '7 is an enlarged sectionon line 7 7 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 8 isan enlarged section on line 8 8 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction ofthe arrow. Fig. 9 is an enlarged section on line 9-9 of Fig. 52 lookingin the direction of the arrow. Fig. l0 is a section on line 10-10 ofFig. 2. Fig. 11 is a modified form of carriage.

lt is understood herein that` the terms used are in the generic anddescriptive sense and not as limitations as the latter will be definedwithin the proper scope of the claims.

Referring to Fig. l of the drawings, a pair of vertical frames -10 aresupported upon a carriage 1l mounted upon traction wheels 12-12 and13-13. The trailer end of the carriage is provided with ears 14-14integral therewith to receive the trunnions l5-l5 of the wheels 13-13The draft end of the carriage is provided with vertical eX- tensions orhangers 16-16 to receive the vertical pivots 17-17 of the wheel forks18-18 engaging the trunnions 19-19 of the wheels i2-12. By this meansthe draft wheels Yl2-12 are constructed to turn about the pivots 17-17in order that the carriage may be turned or moved in the desireddirection. n

A drop handle 20 pivotedin the ears 31H21 on the carriage, is adapted tobe raised from the draft position and locked to the frame l0 when thefurnace is in operation and when' it is desired to move the carriageabout the shop or foundry the Vsaid handle is lowered to the draftposition and the operator thereby moves the furnace where desired. Othermeans may be employed to accomplish the desired result when the furnaceis of sufficient size and weight as to be beyond the strength of one ortwo yf operators.

rlhe furnace proper is located between the frames 10-10 and it may be ofany desirable and proper shape or conformation. Herein have illustratedthe furnace body as slightly frusto-conical and having therein a heatingchamber 26. This body is compara# tively thin and may be a singlecasting or built up of steel plates and provided with a relatively thicklining of refractory or fire f resisting material 27. y

At two diametricallyv opposite points on the furnace body l providetrunnions 28 and 29 that enter bearings 30 and 3l in the frames lO-lO inorder that the furnace body y Q5 may be rotated between the said frames.A nut and check-nut on the trunnion 28, and the worm gear v32 on thetrunnion 29, engage with the outside faces of the bearings 30 and 31respectively to prevent springing and i warping of the frames 1010. |Theworm gear 32 is locked to the trunnion 29 and yis rotated by a worm 33splined to a shaft 34 ]ournaled in bearings 35 located on the frame 10,see Figs. 2 and d. To rotate the 5.5

shaft 34 l provide any suitable mechanism or power motor depending uponthe size and weight of the furnace. In the larger sizes of furnaces lwill drive the shaft 34 by means of an electric motor while in thesmaller sizes l will providehand vpower mechanism. Herein l haveAillustrated a bevel gear 37 splined to the shaft 34C and driven by thebevel gear 38 secured to the shaft 39 in the bearing 40 on the frame 10.A hand wheel Ll1 is splined on the shaft 39 at the opposite end of thebearing 40,

Pf means of the above described mechanism, steady and careful pouring ofthe metal is accomplished as will be more fully described hereinafter,but the reversal of this mechanism may be too slow in 'opera-` tion whenit is desirable to return the furnace more Quickly to the normalposition to stop the flow of metal or to prevent an accident. To thisend l provide mechanism to unlock the worm gear from the trunnion 29 sothat the furnace can be restored to the normal position by quick returnmeans. Herein for convenience l have .illustrated the worm gear 32 asnormally clutched at elf-to the sliding sleeve 46 featl ered at 47 tothe trunnion 29. A circumferential groove /l-E on said sliding sleeve ising the stop pin 56 in any one of the designed to receive the rollers t9on the swinging end of a forked hand lever pivoted at 5l to bearing 40on the frame lll; see Figs. 2 and l. By moving the handle end of thehand lever 50 in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 2, the free endthereof will slide the sleeve 4:6 axially of the trunnion 52,9 therebydisengaging the teeth on said sleeve at from the teeth on the worm gear32 and the trunnion will be free to rotate while the worm gear will beheld. stationary by the worm 33. Assuming that at the time the aboveoperation takes place the furnace is in the dotted line positionillustrated in Fig. 3 it can be moved to the full .line position by theoperator who grasps the handle and pulls the same downward. This handle53 may be secured to the furnace in any suitable manner, preferablyhowever it may be connected with or form a part of a safety device toprevent damage or injury if the furnace should continue its movement inthe pouring direction or to preifent its swinging back in the reversedirection and to the normal position too suddenly when there is anyconsiderable weight of metal left in the furnace at the time and theoperator fails to grasp the handle 53 at the unclutching of the wormgear 32 from thetrunnion. llt is apparent that any suitable limitingmeans designed to act on the furnace body and limit the movementthereof, will accomplish the above mentioned result. I have illustrateda simple means or safety device composed of a segment 54 integral withthe handle 53, and attached to the furnace body 25 about the trunnion29. The said segment is adiacent to .the frame l0, and through theformer is a plurality of staggered holes 55 to receive a removable stoppin 56 projecting in the path of the stop 57 on the frame. By placholes55 the furnace will be limited in the pouring movement about the axisthereof. From the point 60 on said segment 54 the segment and handle arefree from attachment or contact with the furnace body in every way andis bent toward the frame l0 thereby forming a spring member bearingagainst the said frame with increasing' pressure as the furnace moves tothe normal position. In order lthat the furnace may not swing by thenormal position while it is so moving against the tension of the springsegment 54, l provide the said segment with holes 6l adapted to receivea removable stop pin GQ that projects in the path of a stop 63 on theframe l0. By this means the downward or return movement of the furnaceis checked andmust finally stop when the stop pin (32 contacts with thestop 63.

ln carrying out my invention, l in this embodiment thereof provide a.fuel burner with means to feed and regulate fuel thereto and furthermeans in combination with said fuel burner to regulate and vary thecombustion of the fuel ejected therefrom. The said burner may be of anydesired type employed for burning oils, and it .may be located at anydesired and proper point relative to the furnace body, mostnecessary toproduce the best results. l may employ one burner or l may provide apluralit)7 of burners of a. single type or they may be of differenttypes in order to gain the most desirable result or the highesteiliciency depending upon the nature and kind of furnace employed. lnthe present embodiment of the invention, l have illustrated a singleburner depending from the bottom of the furnace body 25. l

'llo the construction and arrangement of the burner illustrated anddescribed, l am not limited thereto except as pointed out in theappended claims, as any eflicient oil burner will produce good results.However certain new results are produced by the burner illustrated thatmakes it specially applicable to this type of furnace and gives moreehicient .results as will be described hereinafter.

The burner 55 is secured to the furnace body in any suitable .manner orit may be integral therewith and is provided with a central bore orcombustion chamber G6 having a. lining 67 of refractory or fireresisting material. rlhe combustion chamber (35 communicates with theheating chamber QG at the bottom thereof and the lire therefrom isdirected upward and throughout the said heating chamber by means of theflaring neck 68. rlihe end of the seid combustion chamber 66 oppositethe junction thereof with the furnace is provided with a nozzle or fuel.jet 70 to which the oil is fed and vaporized. Owing to the intense heatgenerated I preferably employ refractory material for the nozzle 70 andsecure the same to a base 7l supported by links 72 pivoted at 73 to ears74 on the outside of the burner 65. To enable the nozzle 70 to bereadily removed for renewal or repairs, l preferably slot the ends 75 ofthe base 7 .'l passing thereinto the rounded loweil part of the links72772 and pivot on the ends thereof bifurcated eccentric cams 76--76adapted to engage the base 7l on either side of slots to clamp said baseto the squared ends 77H7 7 of the links as illustrated in Fig. 2. l/Vhensaid cams 76-76 are moved in the opposite direction to that illustratedin Fig. 2, the base is unclamped from the links 72--72. l/Vhen this isdone the links may be turned about the pivots 73-73 to free the basetherefrom and the said base may be withdrawn from the combustion chamber66. combustion chamber are readily accessible for all purposes and theassembling can be done in a moments time.

Fuel is supplied to the nozzle 70 in any suitable manner, preferablyhowever it is admitted to said nozzle through separate conduits 80 and81 leading from the bottom of the base 71 to the top thereof and intochambers 83 and 84: respectively. The chamber 83 is substantiallysemi-circumferential and supplies a plurality of vertical. passages S5emptying into the trough shaped portion S6 located just below the top ofthe nozzle. This trough permits of use as a pilot light and also tovolatilize the fuel within the nozzle chambers S3 and 811 and serveswhen desired the purpose of enriching the hydrocarbon mixture emittedfrom the main jets in the nozzle. The chamber 84 supplied from theconduit 81, is radial and does not communicate with the chamber 83.Arising centrally of the nozzle 70 and communicating with the chamberSel are a plurality of jets 87 through which the main body ofhydrocarbon is projected into the combustion chamber 66 and thereburned. A circumferential trough 88 below the trough 86 is for thepurpose of catching and burning therein any overflow of fuel from thetrough 86 and jets 87. In order to obtain a complete combustion of thehydrocarbon, more or less oxygen is admitted to the combustion ychamber66 preferably in varying quantities and at different heights relative tothe burner as the diiferent conditions of fuel and the atmosphere vary.For convenience of illustrating the manner in which this may beaccomplished, the body of the burner 65 terminates a short distanceabove the nozzle and there is provided means for admitting between saidburner and nozzle, oxygen in greater or less volume at varying heights.Removably secured to the extreme end of the burner 65 and holding thesame thereto by means of screws 90 beneath a flange 91, is a tubularmember 93 having therethrough a plurality of rectangular openings 94 forthe admission of oxygen to the combustion chamber 66. The enteringoxygen and the volatilized fuel emitted from the jets 87 coinmingle andwhen properly proportioned forms a mixture that is easily and highlycombustible. The proper proportions cannot be assured at all times ifthe differentr elements were ad- 'Ihus the base and mitted in the samequantities under dierent atmospheric conditions and if the fuel variesin calories. To vary the amount of oxygen and also admit the same atvarying heights through the rectangular openings 941, I preferablyprovide a verticallyv movable tubular damper member 101 havingtherethrough slots 102 that register with the openings 9st in thetubular member 93. l/ihen said tubular damper 101 is moved axially ineither direction the point of admission of the oxygen'is raised orlowered relative to the nozzle 70 depending upon the direction of themovement. This is due to the fact that the slots 102 are shorter thanthe openings 91. When the movement is continuously in one direction, asforexample when the tubular damper 101 is moved upward, theblank portion103 on said damper will if moved far enough entirely close the openings91 and the same effect is obtained in the reverse direction by the blankportion 10-'1 approaching the edge of the nozzle 70 where the said edgelimits the lower point of admission of oxygen. In oruer to accomplishthe movement of the damper in an axial manner, I `support the same ontrunnions 105-105 passing through the lower ends of links 106-106suspended from a bifurcated hand lever 107 extending circumferentiallyof the body of the burner 65. The hand lever 107 is pivoted at 108 to anear 109 on said burner and is provided with and thereby held in anydesired position by a spring pressed pawl 110 engaging notches on asegment 111 secured in any suitable manner to the burner 65 or to thefurnace body 25. The use of a mechanism of this character enables thedamper 101 to be locked in the adjusted position.

Interposed between the fuel reservoir 115 shown diagrammatically in Fig.1, and the base 71 is the fuel supply and control means with mechanismtherefor for quickly detaching the same from the base 71. The fuelreservoir 115 may or may not be attached to the frame 10..` Ihen notattached a single reservoir may supply one orv more furnaces with fueland be detachable from all of said furnaces.

I will proceed first to describe the fuel supply and control means andthen I will describe the manner of attaching the same to the base 71.

The fuel supply means consists of fuel pipes 116 and .117 leading fromthe conduits and 81 respectively, to the fuel. valves 118 and 119respectively supported by a protecting hood 120 secured in any suitablemanner to the furnace body 25. An air pipe 121 connected at 122 with thefuel pipe 117 leads to the air valve 123 also supported by the hood 120.The said hood 120 is provided for `the. purpose of protecting the valves118, 119, and 123 fromdthe action of the heat radiati'no" from a firedome, to be hereinafter descri'ed, when said fire dome is raised and thefurnace is in the pouring position and the said valves are beneath saiddome as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

In order to provide a means to determine the amount of opening of thevalves just referred to, I preferably employ pointers on the handles ofthe valves to indicate on their respective scales on a graduated plate126 secured to the hood 120, the relative degree of opening for eachvalve.

A branch coupling 128 connects the valves 118 and 119 to a common fuelsupply pipe 129 leading to the fuel reservoir 115. This supply pipe 129is detachable from the branch coupling 128 by means of any connection orcoupling of suitable construction requiring' a relative partial turn toconnect or disconnect the same.

The manner in which the fuel is forced from the tank 115 to the pipe 129is common to many fuel feeding devices and may consist of a pump locatedalong the pipe 129 or compressed air may be forced into the tank orreservoir 115 at the top thereof by means of an air compressor showndiagramma-tr cally in Fig. 1.

The air valve is detachable from an air supply pipe by means of aquarter turn coupling' 136 similar in construction to the coupling 180.This air pipe is also connected to an air compressor 136. By this meansI can force any quantity of air directly into the fuel and heat the sameat the same time that the fuel is volatilized.

The manner in which the fuel pipes 116 and 117 are attached to the base71 preferably require a coupling means that is readily and quicklyattached Without going to the time and trouble of unscrewing a couplingor coupling nut or the like with the attendant troubles of damagedthreads and lost bolts every time the parts are detached. Detachingthese parts will occur frequently as the fire proof linings will requirerepairs and renewal. 1 have illustrated herein a means for quicklyremoving the said pipes 116 and 117 consisting of tapered sleeves 140 onsaid pipes fitting into similarly tapered seats 1-11 in the conduits 80and 81. Rotatable collars A142 having thereon at diametrically oppositepoints a pair of tapered .lugs 143 are adapted to engage With a pair ofoppositely tapered lugs 1&4: integral With the base`71 and located atdiametrically opposite points about each of the conduits 80 and 81. SeeFigs. 3 and 8. By this means the Asleeves Will be forced tightly to theseats 141 in the respective conduits when the coacting lugs are forcedtogether. Handles 145 integral With the rotatable collars 142 provide aready means for turning said collars in either direction to cause thelugs to'engage or' disengage.

Auxiliary tW'yers 150 are spaced about the body of the furnace and areadapted to furnish further oxygen above the burner 65 to assist in amore complete combustion of the fuel about the point of the'greatestmass of metal Within the furnace. Slides 151 cover the outer ends ofthese tWyers and are adapt ed to slide in guides 152 so that as circumsstances demand, more or less air can be admitted at this point toincrease the rate of combustion Within the furnace body.

lVithin the heating chamber 26 I provide any suitable refractory or fireresisting container for the reception of the metals to be melted. Thiscontainer may be integral with the lining 27 and may be of any desiredconformation so long as sufficient space surrounding the same isprovidedk foil the action of the heating agent. Preferably howeverforconvenience and for the ease with which the same can be renewed Iprovide or utilize standard size crucibles 155 of smaller diameter thanthe diameter of said heating chamber 26 and set and space the Crucibleconcentrically Within the fusion chamber.

A plurailty of radial blocks 156 arise from the bottom of the fusionchamber 26 at the point Where the burner 65 joins the former. .A disk orbiscuit 157 is adapted to set Within notches 158 at the top of theblocks 156. .d

This biscuit 157 serves the double purpose of supporting the Crucible155 and prevents erosion thereof at the bottom by the hot gasesimpinging thereagainst.

@ne or more lire resisting wedges 160 placed between the crucible 155and the Wall of the heating chamber 26 at the top thereof are adapted tohold the said Crucible in place centrally of the heating chamber andkeep the pouring spout or lip 161 on the crucible against the pouringlip 162 cut through the furnace body or the lining 27. By this means thecrucible 155 is securely wedged in place and cannot fall out When thefurnace body is in an inverted or partially inverted position duringpouring.

An upturned annular flange 168 surrounding the inner edge of vthe lining27 of the fusion chamber 26 is adapted to be received Within an annulardepression 164 in the edge of a lire resisting lining 165 Within asubstantially semi-spherical lire arch or i'ire dome 166. This method ofconstruction effectually closes the joint between the two members lastmentioned by directing the burning gases past the outer joint betweenthe same.

The lire dome 166 is adapted to rest upon the top edge of the furnacebody 25 to in close the heating chamber 26 and concentrate the lieatingagent all about the crucible 155 While the metal is being melted. lVhenthe metal has reached the molten stage and is at the proper pouringtemperature, I preferably raise the fire dome 166 from the furnace body25 so that said body may be swung about the trunnions 28 and 29 to pourthe metal direct from the Crucible 15o without removing the same fromthe heating Chamber 26. For the purpose of raising said fire dome 166, Iprovide the same with diametrically opposed cars 167 to which aresecured lifting Chains 168 passing upward and over a pair of pulleys 169between a pair of ears 170 on a cross frame 171 secured to the frames10-10. The upper ends of the Chains 168 are secured to ears 172 on aforked lifting lever 173 pivoted at 174 to ears 175 on the cross frame171. This lifting lever 173 is provided with an adjustable counterweightbar 176 clamped within a yoke on the former by means of a set-screw 177.A counter-weight 178 is movable along said bar 17 6 and is securedthereto by means of a set-screw 179. To a ring 180 integral with theCounter-weight bar 176 is secured a lifting cable 181 the opposite endthereof passing about a flanged winding drum 182 on a shaft 183 mountedin bearings 184 on the frame 10. A hand wheel 185 on the shaft 183enables the operator to turn the wind ing drum 182 to wind up the cable181 thereby pulling down the counter-weight 178 and bar 17 6 thuslifting the forked lifting lever 173 to pull up the fire dome 166. Aratchet 186 on the edge of one flange on the winding drum 182, engageswith a drop pawl 187 thus to prevent unwinding of the Cable 181 from thedrum 182 when the fire dome is in the raised position. Preferably thefire dome 166 is arranged to be guided in a vertical manner by means ofdiametrically opposed grooved uides 189 engaging with the slides 190 onthe frames 10-10. The guides 189 are so constructed and arranged thatthey may be unclamped and moved radially inward toward the center of there dome 166 and freed from engagement with the slides 190. For thispurpose the said guides are provided with Shanks 191 adapted to bereceived within bushings 192 integral with the re dome 166. Clamp screws193 secure the shanks 191 in the desired position within the bushings192. This construction permits the fire dome 166 to be detached from theslides 190 and thereby removed from between the frames 10-10 when it isnecessary to renew or to repair the lining 165.

1n order to properly handle the re dome 166 and entirely remove the samefrom between-the'frames 10-10 l preferably provide a swinging crane 195pivoted at 196 to ears 197 on the frame 10 opposite to that frame 10carrying the dome lifting drum 182. The boom 198 yof the crane 195 isprovided with journals 199 within which is a -rotatable shaft 200carrying a winding drum 201 provided with a ratchet 202 engaging a pawl203. A relatively large hand wheel 204 is securely keyed to the shaft200 to turn said shaft and drum 201. A pair of lifting chains 205-205are secured to the winding drum201 at diametrically opposite points inorder that they will be wound up simultaneously when the said drum isrotated. rfhese chains 205 pass abut idlers 206 and over pulleys 207depending therefrom. The lowerfends of the said chains are provided withrelatively thin and deep seated hooks 208 adapted to hook beneath theshanks 191 on the guides 189 thereby to lift the fire dome 166.

An opening 210 near the top of the fire dome 166 is closed with aremovable block 211 adapted to be withdrawn from said opening when it isnecessary to inspect the contents of the Crucible 155 and to permit pftesting the same with a pyrometer or the I provide herein a combustionflue 215 at the top of the dome 166 to carry off the hot gases andproducts of combustion arising from the fusion chamber 26. The flue 215is lined with fire resisting material throughout. Bolts 217 secure theflue 215 to thefiange 218 on the fire dome 166 in order that the saidvbolts may be withdrawn to permit removal of the said flue when it isnecessary to reline either the flue or dome. The flue 215 projectswithin and slides vertically in a short stack 220 secured to the crossframe 171 bolted to the frames 10-10. The stack 220 is provided with arefractory lining 221 to prevent erosion thereof by the hot gasesarising from the combustion chamber 26.

A modified form of my carriage 11 is illustrated in Fig. 11. 1n thisembodiment the carriage 11 has pivoted thereon at 224 a rotatablesub-base on which is mounted the frames 10--10 This construction enablesthe entire furnace to be rotated about the pivot 224 thus enabling twolines of flasks or molds to be served when the travcling space betweenthem is too narrow to permit turning the entire carriage within therestricted space.

y The operation of my invention is as follows: The Crucible 155 isplaced in position within the fusion chamber 26 and wedged therein bythe wedges 160. I have assumed that at this time the fire dome 166 is inthe raised position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3 and the furnace body25 is in the full line position shown in the same figure. The Crucibleis now loaded with the metal it is desired to melt and the iire dome 166is permitted to descend in the proper position on top of the furnacebody 25. rIhe heating chamber is now entirely inclosed to concentratethe fire about the Crucible 155. The furnace is now in position beneatha hood or flue 230 see Fig. 1 communicating with the atmosphere withoutthe building. The fuel coupling 13() is now connected to the branchcoupling 128 thereby providing a supply conduit leading from the fuelreservoir through the common supply pipe 129 the said branch coupling128, the valves 118 and 119 and their respective fuel pipes 116 and 117to the conduits 80 and 81 respectively within the burner 65. The quarterturn coupling 136 is also connected joining the air compressor 137 withits supply pipe to the air valve 123 and the air pipe 121. The valve 118is now opened to permit fuel to fow therethrough to the pipe 116 throughthe conduit 8O to the chamber 83. From the chamber 83 the fuel is forcedupward through the vertical passages 85 and spreads about the trough 86.This fuel is ignited and allowed to burn in the said trough. When thetrough 8G has been heated to the proper temperature to volatilize thefuel admitted to the chamber 84 the valve 1.19 is opened to permit fuelto iiow to said chamber. During this time the rectangular openings 94have been open to admit `sufficient oxygen to maintain the propercombustion of the fuel burned in the trough 86. When the fuel admittedto the chamber 84 has forced its way through the jets 87 and has becomeignited the air valve 123 is opened very slightly to admit a quantity ofair to the main body of fuel within the chamber 84 there to comminglewith said fuel and force the same upward toward the combustion chamber26. This admits of an initial mixture of oxygen and fuel. r1`he damper101 is now moved up or down to change the point of admit-:siony ofoxygen and give a greater or less passage through the openings 94,. Theauxiliary twyers are opened to the necessary extent to promote moreintense combustion about the main body of metal. When the main jets 87are in proper working order the pilot light may be turned down to burnvery low to provide just enough flame to ignite the main jet in case itshould be blown out by the force of the air from the pipe 121 or theentering oxygen. When the lining 67 has become highly heated this is notso likely to happen as the red hot walls thereof will tend to keep themain jet lighted. lVhen the metal has reached the proper pouringtemperature the valves 118, 119, and 123 are closed and the couplings130 and 136 are disconnected from their respective parts and the furnaceis now ready to be moved to the flask or mold to be filled with themetal. The drop handle 20 is lowered and grasped by the operator whopulls the furnace in the desired direction and alongside of the mold.r1`he operator now grasps the hand wheel v and turns the same to yraisethe fire dome by means of the mechanism here# Llanes? inbeforedescribed. When the dome 166 is in the position illustrated in Fig. 3,the operator moves the handle lever 50 in the reverse direction of thearrow in Fig. 2 thereby locking the worm gear 32 to the trunnion 29.XVhen this is done the operator grasps the hand wheel 4.1 and rotates itin the proper direction to revolve the furnace about its trunnions .topour the metal from the Crucible without removing the same from thefurnace. 'fhe metal runs out by the lip 161 in a thin stream and entersthe gate of the flask until the flask is full. When it is noticed thatthe flask is about full the hand lever is moved in the direction of thearrow Fig. 2 disengaging the teeth onthe sleeve from the teeth. on theworm gear v32 when the furnace will swing back to the upright position.The furnace is now ready to be run to the next flask and the aboveoperations repeated. Wlhen the furnace is emptied of the metal it isready to be recharged and the above operations repeated.

1 have described herein one embodiment of my invention; but it is to beunderstoodthat the latter is not essentially limited to the specificdetails of construction andv organization of said embodiment, since thesame may be variedvw'ithout departing from the proper scope of theclaims.

Claims:

1. 1n a furnace, an axially movable furnace body, as described, a fusionvchamber therein, a relatively movable fire dome for said chamber, aframe to support said furu nace body, a carriage for said frame, andvertical pivotal means interposed between said frame and said carriageto permit relative rotation between said frame and carriage.

In a furnace, a carriage, traction wheels therefor', a frame on saidcarriage including vertical pivotal means to permit relative rotationbetween said carriage and frame, a furnace body including a fusionchamber, trunnions on said furnace body to engage bearings in saidframe, bearings in said frame to support said furnace body, detachablerotating mechanism secured to said frame and adapted to lock to one ofsaid trunnions to rotate the furnace body in either direction, means tosupply heat to said fusion chamber, means for supplying oxygen to saidheating means in varying quantities, a fire dome for said vfurnace body,mechanism on said frame to move said fire dome relative to` said furnacebody, a counter-weight on said lastl mentioned mechanism, and guides onsaid fire dome to engage said frame.

3. In a. furnace, a carriage, traction wheels therefor, vertical pivotalmechanism on said carriage,- a frame including pivotal means Yto coactwith the pivotal-mechanism on said carriage, bearings in said fra-me, A

vertical slides on said frame, a furnace body including a fusion chamberand trunnions to engage said bearings, mechanism on said frame adaptedto engage With said trunnions to rotate the furnace body in eitherdirection, means to supply and control liquid fuel to said fusionchamber, a fire dome for said fusion chamber, guides on said fire domeadapted to engage the vertical slides on said frame, and mechanism onsaid frame to engage said re dome to move the same along said slides.

4. In a furnace, a portable carriage and frame, a furnace body pivotedon said frame, a fusion chamber in said furnace body, a relativelymovable fire dome for said fusion chamber, means on said re dome toengage said frame to be guided thereby, mechanism to engage said firedome to impart movement thereto relative to said fusion chamber, andmeans adapted to engage said fire dome to remove the same from movingrelation With said fusion chamber. ln testimony whereof, I have signedmy name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribingWitnesses.

PIETRO VERGNANI. Witnesses z uEoRGE M. CLOUGH, EDWIN T. LUCE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C.

